What is Logic Gate ?

The logic gate in electronics is a fundamental building block in the digital system. Logic gates are an electronic circuit that generates numbers in electronics devices and components. 

There are three basic types of logic gates, AND, OR, and NOT. In logic gates, input and output occur only at 2 levels. 

That is two levels, termed HIGH and LOW and TRUE and FALSE, or ON and OFF or simply 1 and 0.

Level Logic

In logic gates, a logic gate represents the voltage from 1 or 0. Level logic can be positive and negative logic.

Positive Logic

A positive logic system is the logic system whose higher of the two voltage levels represents logic 1, and lower of the two voltage levels represents logic 0.

Negative Logic

A negative logic system is the logic system whose lower of the two voltage levels represents logic 1 and higher of the two voltage levels represents logic 0.

Different types of Logic Gates

In this article, we will learn about 9 types of logic lets which are mentioned below,

NOT GATE (Inverter)

A NOT GATE is also called an inverter, this gate takes one input and gives only one output. NOT GATE is a device whose output is always a complement of its output.

AND GATE

An AND GATE takes two or more inputs but gives only one output.

OR GATE

An OR gate may have two or more input but only one output. In an OR GATE also given or more than two inputs can be input but it gives only one output.

NAND GATE

Of NAND GATE, AND gate and NOT gate

 combination occurs.

NOR GATE

There is a combination of NOR GATE, OR gate, and NOT gate.

EXCLUSIVE -OR (X-OR) GATE

X-NOR gate is a combination of X-OR gate and NOT gate. It consists of two input and one output logic circuit.

Threshold logic

 Introduction

Threshold Elements

Threshold elements OR GATE have 'n' binary input X1, X2.....Xn and single binary output F. But on adding to it, it has two parameters. Its parameter is threshold 'T' and weight W1, W2.......Wn. W1, W2......Our weight is associated with the input variables X1, X2.....Xn. Threshold 'T' and the value of weight are positive and negative numbers.

Threshold logic

Threshold logic is a Threshold gate, which is also called T-Gate.  This device is a much more powerful device than any conventional logic gates, such as NAND, NOR, and others.

T-Gate offers incomparably economical relations.

The Universality of a T-gate

In the Universality of a T-gate, a single T-gate can perform a large number of functions by simply changing the weight or three holds or both, which can be done by changing the value of the respective resistors.

A threshold gate can realize universal gates but a single threshold gate cannot release it from a single T-gate.

Types of Logic Gates

 Logic gates are basically of 7 types which are,

  1. AND Gate

  2. OR Gate

  3. NOT Gate

  4. NAND Gate

  5. NOR Gate

  6. XOR Gate

  7. XNOR Gate

 AND Gate 

 AND gate is a digital circuit that has more than one input and only one output, it is called AND gate.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 0

 0 1 0

 1 0 0

 1 1 1

 OR Gate 

 OR Gate is also a digital circuit that has one or more inputs and only one output.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 0

 0 1 1

 1 0 1

 1 1 1

 NAND Gate 

 NAND gate is also a digital circuit, which is a combination of NAND gate AND gate or NOT gate, in which the output of AND gate is reversed by NOT gate.  In this, due to the combination of AND Gate and NOT Gate, two or more inputs can be done but the output is only one.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 1

 0 1 1

 1 0 1

 1 1 0

 NOR Gate 

 NOR Gate is also a digital circuit in which the time of NOR Gate is an OR Gate or NOT Gate, in which the output of the OR Gate is NOR.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 1

 0 1 0

 1 0 0

 1 1 1

XOR Gate 

 XOR gate is also a digital circuit that is a combination of AND, NOR, or OR gate, which is input to the two outputs obtained from AND and NOR gate, and this OR gate itself gives the output of the entire combination.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 0

 0 1 1

 1 0 1

 1 1 0

 XNOR Gate 

 XNOR Gate is also a digital circuit that is the inverse of the XOR gate.  In which there is a combination of one AND or two NOR gates.

 Truth Table

 A B Output

 0 0 1

 0 1 0

 1 0 0

 1 1 1

Application of Logic Gate 

 As you all know the logic gate is a digital circuit, it is used in the comparator, traffic light controller, light activated alarm, digital communication, microcontroller, microprocessor circuit, design of the integrated circuit, and FM transmission.  Talking about the logic gate, it is used everywhere, but some decision is being taken.

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