What is Computer Network and its Types ?

Do you know the computer network? Or want to know about it? If you are interested in computers then you should know computer networks. 

In this article, I have given full information about computer networks. How many types are there? And so on. 

If you also use a computer and are interested in learning about it, then by reading this post you will understand very easily. So let's understand this.




What is Computer Network?

Computer network is connected two or more computers and between them, file or data sharing, resource sharing, or communication data sharing will be happening, then we call that computer network.

The biggest example of a computer network is the Internet, which is known to everyone.


What is Network Protocol?

A network protocol is a set of rules that transmit data between computers. It determines how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network. This allows connected devices to communicate with each other. 

You can communicate with people from all over the world through the network protocol. It is very safe. 

These protocols are of many types that support a major role in communicating with devices that are different across the network. Know about some protocols,


Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

TCP is a popular communication protocol used for communication over a network. It divides any message into a series of packets.


Internet Protocol (IP)

The IP is designed to address the protocol. It is more commonly used with TCP. IP is the most popular protocol to connect to the network. 


User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

This protocol is an alternative communication protocol to the originally implemented transmission protocol to produce loss tolerance and low latency between the application.


Post office protocol (POP)

That protocol has been designed to receive incoming emails.


Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP)

This protocol is designed for sending and sending outgoing e-mails.


Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

This protocol is designed to transfer hypertext to two or more systems. The HTML tag is used to create the link.


File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

This protocol allows files to be transferred from one machine to another.

  

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS)

This protocol is abbreviated as the hypertext transfer protocol. HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure is a standard protocol for securing communication between two computers using other data from the browser and web server. 

It is used to transfer data in hypertext format between browser and web server.


What is Connecting Media?

Connecting media is very easy to understand, this network media refers to the communication media used to connect nodes on a computer network. 

Or if we understand it and posture language, then we can say that what is used to connect the computer can be called connecting media. 

Typical examples of connecting media: - copper coaxial cable, copper twisted pair cable and optical fiber cable, and radio data for wireless data communication network use.  

Copper Coaxial Cable

This cable is a type of copper cable that is built in a bush with a metal shield and other components that prevent signal interference. It is mainly used by cable TV companies to connect their satellite antenna facilities to subscriber homes and businesses. It is also sometimes used by telephone companies on telephone poles.


Copper Twisted Pair Cable

It is a simple copper wire that connects home and commercial computers to the telephony company. 

This cable consists of two different insulated copper wires, which are twisted together and run in parallel. Copper wires are usually 1 meter in diameter. 

One of these wires is used to transmit data and the other is a ground reference. There are two types of unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP) which consists of each pair of wires within an aluminum foil shield for further isolation.


Optical Fiber Cable

Optical fiber cable is used as a medium for telecommunications and computer networking as it is flexible and can be bundled like a cable. 

It is very advantageous for long-distance communication. Why does the current propagate through the infrared fiber with much lower attenuation than electrical wires? 

The fiber optic cables you use are of three types: - single-mode, multimode, and plastic optical fiber (POF).


Radio Waves

Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum compared to infrared light. 

Radio ranges have frequencies as low as 300 GHz to 30 Hz. Naturally occurring radio waves are produced by electricity or celestial bodies. Some examples of this are: - wifi, microwaves, cellular networks.


What is Connecting Media?

Connecting Media is Divided into two types,

 1- Wired Media

 2- Wireless Media


Wired Media

A wired media uses physical cables to transfer data between different devices and computer systems. 

This cable can be copper wire or fiber optic. Wired networks are used to carry various forms of electrical signals from one end to the other. 

Most wired networks use an Ethernet cable to transfer data between connected PCs.


Wireless Media

Wireless media refers to the use of infrared or radio frequency signals to share information and resources between devices. The wireless network doesn't use wires for data or speech. 

Wireless media carry electromagnetic signals that represent the binary digits of knowledge communication using radio or microwave frequencies. Wireless media provides the largest mobility option of all media.


What is Data Transmission Mode?

It defines the direction of flow of data between two communication devices i.e. it indicates the direction of signal flow between two devices. It is of three types: - simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex

So let's understand a little about these three modes,


Simplex Duplex

In simplex transmission mode, the communication cable between the sender and receiver is in the same direction. Meaning the Sender cable can send data and the receiver cable can receive data. 

The receiver cannot reply to the sender. Simplex transmissions can also be considered a one-way road. 

In which the traffic cable travels in the same direction, even the carriage coming from the opposite direction is not allowed to drive the vehicle.


Half Duplex

In half-duplex transmission, communication between the sender and receiver takes place between the two lines, but only one cable at a time. 

In this, both the sender and receiver can send and receive information, but only one is allowed to send it at any time. 

Half-duplex is additionally considered as one-way road, during which the vehicle occupation another way of traffic has got to wait till the road is empty.


Full Duplex

In a full-duplex transmission, communication between the sender and receiver can occur simultaneously, in which the sender and receiver can simultaneously transmit and receive. 

A full-duplex transmission is like a two-way road, in which it can be illuminated at the same time from both sides.


What is Network Topology?

Network topology is the occupation of elements of a communication network. This topology can be used to define or describe the occupation of various types of telecommunications networks, including command and control radio networks, industrial field buses, and computer network committees.

Network topologies are categorized into the subsequent basic types,

Ring Topology

The ring topology is also called the ring network. A connection in it forms a circular datasheet. Each network device is connected to two others, such as points on a circle. 

Devices in a simultaneous ring topology are referred to as ring networks. In the ring network, packets of data travel from one device to another device until they reach your destination. 

More level ring topologies allow the packet to travel in one direction. Which is called a unidirectional ring network. 

The main disadvantage in a ring topology is that if any individual connection in the ring is broken, the entire network is affected.


Star Topology

The star topology network is one of the most common network setups. In this configuration, each node is connected to a central network device such as a hub, switch, or computer. 

The central network also acts as a device server. In session topology, a coaxial cable is used to connect a computer, depending on the type of network card used in each computer.


Tree Topology

Tree topology is an important type of structure in which many connected elements are arranged like tree branches. 

Tree topology is often used to organize computers in corporate networks or for information in databases.

In a tree topology, the cable between any two connected nodes can have the same connection. Why cables can have the same interconnection in any two nodes.


Mesh Topology

This topology is typically used for wireless networks.


     


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